Open discussion for projects on this forum.

[sorveltaja]

In fact you are going to have such a small contact area where the bearing touches the commutator you will increase heating because of the high resistance path of the small contact area.

Right on the spot. Using ball bearings, instead of brushes, would increase the mechanical parts count significantly, thus creating even more (unwanted?) variables.

Not to step on anyone's toes, just my two mechanical cents.

[shylo]

something similar

Hi Dave ,I used an old armature that I ground grooves into it ,evenly spaced and then filled in the grooves with Mar-Glass. So it had conductive and non-conductive strips all around the circumference, but the surface was completely smooth.I connected it to a cordless drill and ran it off bat#3(in your 3BGS) to short my coils.But it didn't work because the wires kept burning down . Not sure if the pic loaded ,if it did you can see the blue sparks that's eating the wires.
Point is the Mar-Glass(auto body filler sold at Crappy Tire) worked well for filling in the voids.
shylo

[wayne.ct]

Minimize energy losses in your motor designs

This reference came up in another forum and I thought it might be helpful/useful/interesting/inspiring/whatever to some of you.

Snubber Circuit Design Calculators

Notice how the engineers are using resonance and inductors to replace lossy resistors? There are also calculators built into the web page that may be useful.

Enjoy!

@Carroll, I thought you would be particularly interested.

[citfta]

Thanks!!

Hi wayne.ct,

Thanks for posting that info. I bookmarked the page for future reference. That is good information for those who are interested in regular motor design. On this forum there are a lot of people who are trying to figure out the best way to use the spikes instead of just suppressing them. The information may also help some of them to understand ways they may be able to collect the spikes for use.

Thanks again,
Carroll

[wayne.ct]

I agree with you, Carroll

There are quite a few members of this forum that seem to think that if they just follow in the footsteps of Tesla, they will discover the secrets of free energy. I'm not saying who is right and who is wrong, because at this point I don't know. Maybe something I read here tonight will help me see the answer. I'm glad the post was worth your time.

[citfta]

Tesla's name is misused a lot.

You are right about that. And a lot of the time Tesla had nothing to do with the idea they are trying to make work. I have studied the works of Tesla since back in the 1960's. There is a lot of junk on the internet and especially on youtube that claims to be something Tesla built or patented that he really didn't. When I try to point that out then I am called a non-believer and sometimes worse. I do believe there are sources of energy we haven't tapped into yet. That is why I am a member of this forum. But when I see something that is obviously a scam or ignorance I am going to say so. Thanks again for sharing some good information with us.

Carroll

[Matthew Jones]

This reference came up in another forum and I thought it might be helpful/useful/interesting/inspiring/whatever to some of you.

Snubber Circuit Design Calculators

Notice how the engineers are using resonance and inductors to replace lossy resistors? There are also calculators built into the web page that may be useful.

Enjoy!

@Carroll, I thought you would be particularly interested.

Method number 3 is a good circuit. The other 2 would be good conventionally speaking but they do have some losses tied to them.
That same website has calculators for alot of stuff including SMPS setups.
They got alot of good stuff.

Matt

[shylo]

Snubber

Hi Folks,I read the link ,but not really sure I understand how it works. In the 3rd scenario they say they catch the spike and feed it back to the source, but I'm not sure this is what's happening.
I made a bridge out of LEDs' and it works well by showing how the AC pulses through it ,blinking 2, kitty corner to each other.This is with a single coil and a pmg (permanent magnet generator). The output of the bridge is 2vdc.
Shorting the coils allows the bridge to blink at a much lower rpm.
When I interrupt the shorting circut with a diode the diode bllinks but dosen't dimish the 2vdc out of the bridge. Then I put 10 LEDs' in parallel in the shorting circut ,and the bridge output holds at 2vdc, but lights the ten LEDs'
Shouldn't the voltage drop across the LED's eat up the 2vdc that is available?
When time permits I've got some more tests I want to do.
The diodes seem to catch the spike.
shylo

[citfta]

Hi shylo,

Can you post a some pictures or a video of your setup? And a schematic would be helpful too. I think I understand what you are saying but a schematic would be a big help. Then maybe we can figure out what is happening in your circuit. It sounds like you have a coil that is capable of a fair amount of current even though the voltage is rather low.

Carroll

[shylo]

Hi Carroll, I'll try to get some pics this weekend . The coil is just out of a micro-wave transformer, the one with the thin wire( the secondary I think)?
I made a reed switch to short the coil leads together, but it doesn't work very good, since my magnet rotor doesn't spin true. The rotor has about a half inch wobble to it This also accounts for the dc reading out of the bridge not being stable.
One lead from the coil goes to one side of the bridge , the other goes into the read ,the out of the reed goes to a bread board, where it feeds one side of the parallel diodes, then the other side of the diodes goes back to the other side of the bridge.
Nothing else just diodes.
Hope thats a little more clear
Thanks shylo

[dR-Green]

This isn't particularly important, but then again it might be because there's obviously a complete misunderstanding.

On a certain thread the question was asked:

Now I want to try it with a pulsating current of a PWM source. What do you suggest for the PWM ?what frequecy and what dutycycle?

A square wave, as an example, has a given and fixedduty cycle of any pre-determined value. Example: Duty = 50%, Time = not applicable.

PWM or pulse width modulation modulates the duty cycle with respect to time. Example: Time 0 duty = 50%, Time 1 duty = 75%, Time 2 duty = 99%.

Therefore the question asked is an invalid question, the time dimension, or the modulation over time, is absent. The question asks for a fixed frequency and a fixed duty cycle, there is no mention of the modulation frequency. The reference to PWM is absolutely invalid. "Teachers" and gurus need to be aware of exactly what they are teaching. The student equally needs to do his/her homework.

PWM IS NOT EQUAL TO A SQUARE WAVEFORM.

[citfta]

Hi again dR-Green,

I have to agree with you again. We have a lot of people on this forum that use terms they don't really understand or maybe they do understand what they mean but they don't use the terms in the same way as someone who is familiar with the field or subject matter they are talking about. PWM stands for Pulse Width Modulation. If we are modulating the pulse width then there is no fixed duty cycle just as you said. We could have a PWM circuit that has a fixed frequency and only vary the duty cycle but in a lot of PWM circuits the frequency varies somewhat as the duty cycle changes.

Another expression I see used on here a lot is when someone says the transistor opens up. Now to those of us that have worked in electronics for years an open transistor is going in the trash can because "open" means it has burned out. I still don't really know what they mean because some of the people that say that seem to mean open like a faucet and letting the current flow through. And some of them seem to mean open like a knife switch so no current can flow through. Very confusing when all they have to say is the transistor is on or off. How much simpler and more understandable it would be if people would at least learn the correct vocabulary when talking about something.

I suppose we will both be bashed for picking on the novices, but that is really not my intention and I don't think it is yours either. If we can all agree on the proper use of the proper terms then it can only help our communication with one another. I try to recognize and be aware of the fact there are a lot of people that really do want to learn they just haven't had that opportunity yet. So I try to help by gently explaining the proper use of some of the terms but some of the time is seems to be a wasted effort.

Respectfully,
Carroll

[Ufopolitics]

Pwm

This isn't particularly important, but then again it might be because there's obviously a complete misunderstanding.

On a certain thread the question was asked:



A square wave, as an example, has a given and fixedduty cycle of any pre-determined value. Example: Duty = 50%, Time = not applicable.

PWM or pulse width modulation modulates the duty cycle with respect to time. Example: Time 0 duty = 50%, Time 1 duty = 75%, Time 2 duty = 99%.

Therefore the question asked is an invalid question, the time dimension, or the modulation over time, is absent. The question asks for a fixed frequency and a fixed duty cycle, there is no mention of the modulation frequency. The reference to PWM is absolutely invalid. "Teachers" and gurus need to be aware of exactly what they are teaching. The student equally needs to do his/her homework.

PWM IS NOT EQUAL TO A SQUARE WAVEFORM.

Hello dR Green,

The question was addressed to me...by Member Selnet. I have been guiding him on a 10 pole asymmetric machine replication...

As I am able to understand what you are referring to...I am also capable to understand what Selnet is referring to...
And You are right, a PWM is a variation over time of A signal, where Duty Cycle and also Frequency could be adjusted by just one Potentiometer attached to the Oscillator Chip triggering tank circuit.
It is very easy to see this signal vary on a Scope...

Where I disagree with you...is the way you "separate" so drastically Square Wave from PWM...A Square wave "NOT necessarily" needs to be ONLY manifested in a "Fix" shape...it could also be Modulated

Let's put it this way...

PWM is an action, a verb, an execution to ANY given Signal, which is to Modulate it...it could be Square, Triangular or Sine wave...

Square Wave is a Noun to a Signal of certain characteristics, "A Type of Signal"...which in nature forms square angles, and not sharp, critical angles like Saw Tooth or Triangle Wave... or Soft Curves like we see in a Sine Wave...

And of course they ALL could be arranged in any given circuit to be of "Fixed Parameters" example: amplitude, peaks and equal displacement through time...

Time dimension goes through ALL of them...we can not alter time...or "prevent" from being "there"...They could remain EXACTLY SAME Parameters through time...
As time could be also "Infinite".

Now, in Motor Controllers Terms, a PWM is a method utilized to excite, run Motors, at different speeds, this Method have taken over the old fashion Linear Potentiometer-Resistance based controllers.

Now, Selnet was referring to that particular PWM Controller, and yes, there are circuits where We can Modulate Duty Cycle separated from Frequency (Dual Potentiometers) over time...BUT, We could always -once reached- leave it right there...
The question arose due that Selnet is looking for the suitable parameters where Motor-Generator will produce Max Outputs Values.

I have an example: Member Netica has a video where He is showing a Typical Symmetric Motor fed by the "C EMF" or the Spikes, or the Radiant Energy generated when Pulsing Modulating the Square Wave of His Coil...Motor runs cold...no sparks...and when applying a mechanical load, Amperage does not increase "on the other side"...the Hot side, but the reason I am bringing this example...is because this "phenomena" only manifests at specific Duty Cycles Percentages as also specific Frequencies...and, just altering one of them...it will not happen...interesting right?

So, do you think..."This Guru"...or "Teacher" has the knowledge to answer that question...or not?... Sir?...


Regards


Ufopolitics

[Ufopolitics]

Open Transistor (referring to MOSFET's)

Hi again dR-Green,

I have to agree with you again. We have a lot of people on this forum that use terms they don't really understand or maybe they do understand what they mean but they don't use the terms in the same way as someone who is familiar with the field or subject matter they are talking about. PWM stands for Pulse Width Modulation. If we are modulating the pulse width then there is no fixed duty cycle just as you said. We could have a PWM circuit that has a fixed frequency and only vary the duty cycle but in a lot of PWM circuits the frequency varies somewhat as the duty cycle changes.

Another expression I see used on here a lot is when someone says the transistor opens up. Now to those of us that have worked in electronics for years an open transistor is going in the trash can because "open" means it has burned out. I still don't really know what they mean because some of the people that say that seem to mean open like a faucet and letting the current flow through. And some of them seem to mean open like a knife switch so no current can flow through. Very confusing when all they have to say is the transistor is on or off. How much simpler and more understandable it would be if people would at least learn the correct vocabulary when talking about something.

I suppose we will both be bashed for picking on the novices, but that is really not my intention and I don't think it is yours either. If we can all agree on the proper use of the proper terms then it can only help our communication with one another. I try to recognize and be aware of the fact there are a lot of people that really do want to learn they just haven't had that opportunity yet. So I try to help by gently explaining the proper use of some of the terms but some of the time is seems to be a wasted effort.

Respectfully,
Carroll

Hello Dear Carroll,

I use that term or "Open"...very often...and I find it perfectly correct.
First, I use it mainly when referring to MOSFET's in a Controller or Oscillator Circuit...as I have also utilized it on my videos...

A MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor), is basically a SWITCH, except it is an Electronic Switch...and as far as I know in the simple and common knowledge about plain circuit electricity of first year...a switch is either Open...or Closed...nothing else...unless it is a "Special Design Switch" with a resistance dimmer...normally used in lighting systems...and other applications....where it could be set at different resistance values.

MOSFET's are EXACTLY, like the old Relay (Magnetic switch)...the difference is that a relay uses the magnetic field to attract the conducting plate...while the FET's uses the atomic electronic structure of its materials at the gates-source-drain configurations. However both "SWITCHES" use a low voltage commanding signal to execute the switching at Higher Voltages through their different means...one electromagnetic, the other electronically...

Remember one of the spec's FET's are selected by is their "SWITCHING CAPABILITIES"...like Ultra-fast Switchers or Slow Switchers...


As I also understand there are other Transistors dedicated to other Functions that are not "Switchers"...like a Voltage Regulator Transistor...or an Audio-Pair Amplifier Transistor...as many, many others out there...Now to this other types of semiconductors, I really understand that saying..."Transistor is open"...means it is not good...like you have written above.


Regards


Ufopolitics

[Farmhand]

I agree with points from both sides again.

In my opinion Pulse Width Modulation capable circuit need not be always
modulating the pulse width but it does imply that the modulation is automatic.
However if one were to adjust the pulse width it could be considered a
modulation. Regardless the general conception I think is that the Pulse width is
variable on the fly not fixed.

As for the open switch thing it's simple.

An open switch does not conduct. When a switch is closed it is on. When a
switch is open it is "off".

Which is in line with an open circuit being "non conducting".
And with a closed circuit being "conducting".
A "short circuit" is an unwanted shortening of a current path in a circuit.

I think it is very important if we want to understand each other and
collaborate that we at least know, and or explain what we mean if there is a
possibility of mixed terms.

I did start a thread on terms and definitions but it got sidetracked. I thought
it was a good idea but no use if no one can agree, a thread like that should
be made and then made a sticky so it's there to refer to.

For now I see no use in trying to collaborate with people who see things so
differently. There is nothing special about the reuse of the energy from the
collapsing magnetic field, it's common practice in well designed circuits and
devices. It is also commonly used in boost converters and such things to
increase voltage.

Power supplies and some motors use PWM for power control, what is not
generally done is recovery of the energy from the collapsing field of pulsed
motors, when it is implemented it can increase efficiency to be closer to 100%.

I have not seen any definitive evidence of more energy out of a circuit than is
put into a circuit from a supply, not in any motor or transformer switched or
otherwise without another source of energy such as wind, solar ect..

I have not seen any convincing evidence that "extra" energy can be pulled
into a circuit by the collapsing magnetic field.

Cheers