BEMF current reversal.

[Ufopolitics]

Hi Ufo,

We (the rest of the world) already have a term for electron population called charge. The standard unit for charge is the Coulomb. One Coulomb equals 6.2415*10^18 electrons or 6,241,500,000,000,000,000 electrons.

Current is defined as the flow of charge. One Ampere is equal to one Coulomb per second.

Regards,

bi

Bistander,

We could have 6,241,500,000,000,000,000 electrons or many more in a state of stillness, paused, without an Intensity (understand as force, potency, power,etc) behind them effecting a specific pressure at a specific section (not closed, not looped) of a circuit...and how do you (and the rest of the world) call that.

It is simple, on any PSU we get in writing their Input versus their Max Output spec's...So we get amps and volts for its Open terminals...meaning we know, exactly what is the current in those terminals whenever we load the PSU in-out...even not being closed or looped.

And Yes,I know (as the rest of the world) that depending on the output load resistance the way the current and volts would be disbursed (based on Ohms Law)...so, figure this is using PSU at Max Load at Output.


Regards


Ufopolitics

[bistander]

Current

Thanks, back to the original question do we have pos and neg current.

Typically it is arbitrary. In circuit analysis you assign a direction to each current at the nodes. Typically one uses arrows on the schematic to represent these assigned current directions. Then when the actual values of the currents are calculated, if the assignment arrow was backwards, the numerical value will be negative.

Study Kirchoff's Laws of circuit analysis. KCL & KVL.

Regards,

bi

[bistander]

Charge

However, I like to define current as "Electron Population" at a specific section of circuit, and of course by eliminating the time factor, we could conceive it standing still, at a paused time of a specific section, just because we all know it is there, just not "flowing" at a timed rate.

Hi Ufo,

We (the rest of the world) already have a term for electron population called charge. The standard unit for charge is the Coulomb. One Coulomb equals 6.2415*10^18 electrons or 6,241,500,000,000,000,000 electrons.

Current is defined as the flow of charge. One Ampere is equal to one Coulomb per second.

Regards,

bi

[Dave45]

[QUOTE=citfta;290939]

[IMG][/IMG]

For those of you confused by a dual voltage power supply I will try to explain it in simple terms. I have copied the schematic so it will be easier for you to follow. Let's start with the transformer. In this schematic we have a center tapped transformer that is labelled 12.6-0-12.6. The conventional way of marking a transformer is to use the RMS value for the voltage as that is what most AC meters will show when connected to the leads on the transformer. So from the top to the transformer to the center tap we have 12.6 volts RMS and from the bottom connection to the center tap we also have 12.6 volts RMS.

RMS stands for root means squared which is a way of calculating the average voltage of a sine wave. However the actual voltage peaks are 1.414 times the average or in this case 17.8164 which we will round off to 17.8 volts. Why is that important? If you look at the full wave bridge rectifier you will see that it is connected to the two outside legs of the transformer. So the bridge rectifier is rectifying about 35.6 volts minus about 1.4 volts for the drop across the diodes in the bridge.

What else do we see in the bridge circuit? We see that the center tap of the transformer is connected to ground and there are two capacitors that each have one end of them connected to ground. The ground connection is the little triangle at the end of the line away from the transformer. With the center tap connected to the capacitors and them connected to the bridge in this way each cap will then charge to close to the value of the peaks of the sine wave. So each cap will have a charge on it of close to 16 volts or so.

The designer of this circuit apparently wanted pretty good control of the voltages so he or she added a couple of voltage regulators for the plus and minus voltages to keep the voltages from going over the plus or minus 15 volts desired.

So for our output we now have a voltage that is plus 15 volts in reference to ground. And we have a voltage that is minus 15 volts in reference to ground.
And since one is 15 volts above ground and one is 15 volts below ground if we were to combine them we would have a 30 volt difference. So you can see the voltage values marked in blue are wrong.

While I am trying to educate a little those that would like to learn let's talk a little bit about current. In most of the old school discussions about electricity, electricity is often compared to water. And there are some pretty good analogies in that comparison. Most of you are probably familiar with the expression of gallons per minute. What does that tell us. Well we can be pretty sure that means some water is moving and the value of the gallons per minute tells us how much water is moving.

In electricity amperage means basically the same thing as gallons per minute means in water. Amperage is just a measure of how much electricity is moving. The word current just means there is some electricity moving. It means the same thing as flow means in water. If there is no flow there are no gallons per minute to measure. In electricity if there are no electrons moving there is no current to measure.

I sincerely hope this helps some of you.
Carroll

Thanks, back to the original question do we have pos and neg current.

[Ufopolitics]

[QUOTE=citfta;290939]

[IMG][/IMG]

For those of you confused by a dual voltage power supply I will try to explain it in simple terms. I have copied the schematic so it will be easier for you to follow. Let's start with the transformer. In this schematic we have a center tapped transformer that is labelled 12.6-0-12.6. The conventional way of marking a transformer is to use the RMS value for the voltage as that is what most AC meters will show when connected to the leads on the transformer. So from the top to the transformer to the center tap we have 12.6 volts RMS and from the bottom connection to the center tap we also have 12.6 volts RMS.

RMS stands for root means squared which is a way of calculating the average voltage of a sine wave. However the actual voltage peaks are 1.414 times the average or in this case 17.8164 which we will round off to 17.8 volts. Why is that important? If you look at the full wave bridge rectifier you will see that it is connected to the two outside legs of the transformer. So the bridge rectifier is rectifying about 35.6 volts minus about 1.4 volts for the drop across the diodes in the bridge.

What else do we see in the bridge circuit? We see that the center tap of the transformer is connected to ground and there are two capacitors that each have one end of them connected to ground. The ground connection is the little triangle at the end of the line away from the transformer. With the center tap connected to the capacitors and them connected to the bridge in this way each cap will then charge to close to the value of the peaks of the sine wave. So each cap will have a charge on it of close to 16 volts or so.

The designer of this circuit apparently wanted pretty good control of the voltages so he or she added a couple of voltage regulators for the plus and minus voltages to keep the voltages from going over the plus or minus 15 volts desired.

So for our output we now have a voltage that is plus 15 volts in reference to ground. And we have a voltage that is minus 15 volts in reference to ground.
And since one is 15 volts above ground and one is 15 volts below ground if we were to combine them we would have a 30 volt difference. So you can see the voltage values marked in blue are wrong.

Thanks for the correction on Voltage split adding with center tap to ground.

I completely ignored the center tap, and thought of two terminals, pos and neg just like in a battery...my bad.

So, here is the corrected diagram for voltage output:

[IMG][/IMG]

About current flow...is it correct?

The one I have confusion with, is the bottom 15V...where we have negative to ground, not sure if it will run that way...or if there would be power at all.

While I am trying to educate a little those that would like to learn let's talk a little bit about current. In most of the old school discussions about electricity, electricity is often compared to water. And there are some pretty good analogies in that comparison. Most of you are probably familiar with the expression of gallons per minute. What does that tell us. Well we can be pretty sure that means some water is moving and the value of the gallons per minute tells us how much water is moving.

In electricity amperage means basically the same thing as gallons per minute means in water. Amperage is just a measure of how much electricity is moving. The word current just means there is some electricity moving. It means the same thing as flow means in water. If there is no flow there are no gallons per minute to measure. In electricity if there are no electrons moving there is no current to measure.

I do like that analogy to compare water flow with electricity...and the "gallons per minute" gives somehow a clear view of what current flow means.

However, I like to define current as "Electron Population" at a specific section of circuit, and of course by eliminating the time factor, we could conceive it standing still, at a paused time of a specific section, just because we all know it is there, just not "flowing" at a timed rate.

For example, going back to water flow...say we have two water gates (faucets) between a center conductor (pipe), and one is where the flow is sourcing, while the other is the drain or suction end...now at the source faucet we have the water pressurized, contained by being closed. Therefore, that water, pressurized at source gate means that by just opening it we will have a specific flow instantly running if the drain end would be opened.

From above water analogy, I believe we could be a bit more flexible whenever thinking of electrical current (not flow)...where at a specific closed point, we know we have that electron population and pressure to create an instant "avalanche" when we close or loop the circuit.

Must of us know that current defined by I

I sincerely hope this helps some of you.
Carroll

Thanks, indeed helped me on the center tap voltage understanding.


Ufopolitics

[mbrownn]

Every time I look at that schematic it reminds me of the push pull EL84 amplifier, a wonderful piece of kit. hehehe If I remember correctly the outputs are added.

[citfta]

[QUOTE=Ufopolitics;290929][IMG][/IMG]

For those of you confused by a dual voltage power supply I will try to explain it in simple terms. I have copied the schematic so it will be easier for you to follow. Let's start with the transformer. In this schematic we have a center tapped transformer that is labelled 12.6-0-12.6. The conventional way of marking a transformer is to use the RMS value for the voltage as that is what most AC meters will show when connected to the leads on the transformer. So from the top to the transformer to the center tap we have 12.6 volts RMS and from the bottom connection to the center tap we also have 12.6 volts RMS.

RMS stands for root means squared which is a way of calculating the average voltage of a sine wave. However the actual voltage peaks are 1.414 times the average or in this case 17.8164 which we will round off to 17.8 volts. Why is that important? If you look at the full wave bridge rectifier you will see that it is connected to the two outside legs of the transformer. So the bridge rectifier is rectifying about 35.6 volts minus about 1.4 volts for the drop across the diodes in the bridge.

What else do we see in the bridge circuit? We see that the center tap of the transformer is connected to ground and there are two capacitors that each have one end of them connected to ground. The ground connection is the little triangle at the end of the line away from the transformer. With the center tap connected to the capacitors and them connected to the bridge in this way each cap will then charge to close to the value of the peaks of the sine wave. So each cap will have a charge on it of close to 16 volts or so.

The designer of this circuit apparently wanted pretty good control of the voltages so he or she added a couple of voltage regulators for the plus and minus voltages to keep the voltages from going over the plus or minus 15 volts desired.

So for our output we now have a voltage that is plus 15 volts in reference to ground. And we have a voltage that is minus 15 volts in reference to ground.
And since one is 15 volts above ground and one is 15 volts below ground if we were to combine them we would have a 30 volt difference. So you can see the voltage values marked in blue are wrong.

While I am trying to educate a little those that would like to learn let's talk a little bit about current. In most of the old school discussions about electricity, electricity is often compared to water. And there are some pretty good analogies in that comparison. Most of you are probably familiar with the expression of gallons per minute. What does that tell us. Well we can be pretty sure that means some water is moving and the value of the gallons per minute tells us how much water is moving.

In electricity amperage means basically the same thing as gallons per minute means in water. Amperage is just a measure of how much electricity is moving. The word current just means there is some electricity moving. It means the same thing as flow means in water. If there is no flow there are no gallons per minute to measure. In electricity if there are no electrons moving there is no current to measure.

I sincerely hope this helps some of you.
Carroll

[Ufopolitics]

Amazing circuit. +15 and -15 added together give 15. Wow!! Look at all the fantastic things you can do when education and common sense are thrown out the window. Simply amazing!!

So, let's forget about the Voltage Reg. transistors, Caps, and even from the neutral derivative at transformer...keeping it VERY simple (KISS).

[IMG][/IMG]

Now, what should we have after the rectifier diode bridge DC OUTPUT "know it all"??!!

Isn't it +15.0V and -15.0 V at the Bulb terminals, minus any given resistance by diodes...which we could disregard for simplicity?

I would be waiting for your "genius" answer...

[Ufopolitics]

Amazing circuit. +15 and -15 added together give 15. Wow!! Look at all the fantastic things you can do when education and common sense are thrown out the window. Simply amazing!!

So, You add them up Really?

So, when we have the two Battery terminals -12V and +12V then we should have (according to you) 24V total ?!

Or...maybe zero, if we go by math signs?

You tell me (according to you) what result we should have there?

[citfta]

[IMG][/IMG]

This is the way I picture the output possible hookup...

Main +15V and -15V will output DC 15V...Simple.

Now, I believe if we use the T1 Neutral versus both DC outputs we will read approx(it could read above and below) 12.6 V...

Maybe I have the current directions wrong (Red Arrows)...so, Bistander or anyone else could correct me if am wrong above.


Regards


Ufopolitics

Amazing circuit. +15 and -15 added together give 15. Wow!! Look at all the fantastic things you can do when education and common sense are thrown out the window. Simply amazing!!

[Ufopolitics]

By the way Dave45...

Hey Dave...

By the way, when I enter your Photobucket to download your circuit IMG...I found this:

[IMG][/IMG]


I like that idea!...and I have tried it in many different possibilities...and yes it works, the reversed energy (BEMF), once each independent coil is disconnected from brushes is transferred to the incoming contact coil ...except that almost all Diodes tested end up burnt at full Motor speed, due to the extremely high reverse peak currents...and I have used the NTE576 (150A IFSM)and greater than (NTE577/200A IFSM)...which have 150 -200 Amps Peak Forward Surge Current...with no luck.

[IMG][/IMG]

[IMG][/IMG]

I will be honest though...I have not tried with the All North Asymmetrical...only the N-S Type.


Sorry Allen, I know this may be kind off topic here...but I can delete it if you want me to.


Regards


Ufopolitics

[Ufopolitics]

Ok, Dave, now we have current(s)

Yes kind of ridiculous i could alter the sch. to include the loads but if they cant figure that out then im wasting my time.

[IMG][/IMG]

This is the way I picture the output possible hookup...

Main +15V and -15V will output DC 15V...Simple.

Now, I believe if we use the T1 Neutral versus both DC outputs we will read approx(it could read above and below) 12.6 V...

Maybe I have the current directions wrong (Red Arrows)...so, Bistander or anyone else could correct me if am wrong above.


Regards


Ufopolitics

[Dave45]

Dave,

All this classic theories defenders ONLY recognize there is current in any given circuit terminals whenever they are CLOSED, LOOPED etc,etc.
Ufopolitics

EDIT 1:

Yes, I know there are Amp Meters based on Clamps...that make an "Internal Calculation" based on the Magnetic Field around conductor ...However, still, circuit must be closed.

Yes kind of ridiculous i could alter the sch. to include the loads but if they cant figure that out then im wasting my time.

[Ufopolitics]

Here's a diagram of a form of magnetic attraction:

Yes...and below is some more about this spatial interactions from charged particles and magnetic fields under view film...

[IMG][/IMG]

1-Two opposite charged particles above...and below two opposite magnets attract sequence under view film:

[IMG][/IMG]

Any similarity between both?

Now Spatial Repulsions...

[IMG][/IMG]

2-Two like charged particles above...and below a Repulse sequence between like magnetic poles under view film...:

[IMG][/IMG]

Any similarities?

And below some more interactions of charged particles...the colors and charges type don't really matter at all...is just to establish some graphic difference so the animal human scratching their heads can digest it...

[IMG][/IMG]

[IMG][/IMG]

And the Author of the site writes:

Above: potential energy plots for arrangements of 4 charges - 2 positive charges (red centres) and 2
negative charges (blue centres) of equal magnitude. On this scale green represents zero potential, such
as the points at which the negative and positive charge potentials cancel.

Here is a Dual Stator DC Motor...understand having an N-S facing polarization at inner spatial center(where armature/rotor spins)...

[IMG][/IMG]


And below... my dear friends...under view film:

[IMG][/IMG]

Charged Particles Images taken from : http://cronodon.com/SpaceTech/Particle_Paths.html


Regards


Ufopolitics

[Allen Burgess]

Magnetostatics.

Here's a diagram of a form of magnetic attraction: