As I stated in my Eccentric Transformer thread, I would provide some information on a new possible design, which is an extended use of the eccentric transformer theory.


To start, it is important to understand the "missing fundamental effect" and the Hyperphysics website describes it well.

"The subjective tones which are produced by the beating of the various harmonics of the sound of a musical instrument help to reinforce the pitch of the fundamental frequency. Most musical instruments produce a fundamental frequency plus several higher tones which are whole-number multiples of the fundamental. The beat frequencies between the successive harmonics constitute subjective tones which are at the same frequency as the fundamental and therefore reinforce the sense of pitch of the fundamental note being played. If the lower harmonics are not produced because of the poor fidelity or filtering of the sound reproduction equipment, you still hear the tone as having the pitch of the non-existant fundamental because of the presence of these beat frequencies. This is called the missing fundamental effect. It plays an important role in sound reproduction by preserving the sense of pitch (including the perception of melody) when reproduced sound loses some of its lower frequencies.

The presence of the beat frequencies between the harmonics gives a strong sense of pitch for instruments such as the brass and woodwind instruments. For percussion instruments such as the cymbal, the sense of pitch is less definite because there are non-harmonic overtones present in the sound."



In essence even if the fundamental tone is missing, either due to poor reproducibility or intentionally, it will be subjectively created through the beat frequencies of the natural harmonics.

By the way, unlike my other thread, this one has not been experimented with, and is only a "train of logic" thread, a place to share my ideas in this fascinating phenomenon.

To start, we can begin looking at the addition of harmonics (doublings and halvings only) I made these charts in excel by using the law of superposition of waves.

First we have 50hz wave,



Notice a pure sine wave, with amplitude 1.
Next we add in a 100hz wave doubling the 50, adding a harmonic...



Here notice that we have subtracted part of the wave, to add to the peak of another, notice that the maximum amplitude is now larger than 1.

Here we will add in a third harmonic...150hz



Again notice amplitude

and here we skip to 6 harmonics together, 50-100-150-200-250-300



What is interesting here is that these are not additions of random frequencies, rather these are naturally occuring additions of the strongest harmonic family the doubling and halving. Other families include thirds fifths sevenths etc.

If you understand the superposition of waves, you will note that energy is conserved throughout, however, what is interesting to note, is that much of the energy has been compacted into small regularly spaced spikes of large amplitude.

Here is a very intersting video by researcher Eric Dollard speaking of specifically of the varying wave forms associated with different forms of resonance.

In particular it is noted that the LC circuit will selectively enjoy one frequency. However when dealing with systems which behave more like natural resonant structures, we see the harmonics enter the game, and begin to change the shape and character of the wave.

The third example he gives is a quarter wave resonator, with one end grounded and other end open

"The harmonics are in phase, and we end up with impulses"

YouTube - Part 2 of 6: Eric Dollard Tesla Longitudinal Wave Energy SBARC Ham Radio with Chris Carson

Notice the resemblance to the last photo on the last page. Now take note that I have ONLY included the primary harmonic family (halving and doubling)

(this the portion of the video of interest is from the beginning to about 2:00 minutes in)


Here is an intersting photo of the 2nd and 3rd harmonics together

I've been following along in your eccentric transformer thread, actually most of the work you've been sharing - resonance etc... I have to admit that it's similar to an alien teaching the caveman ( myself being the caveman ) as it gets difficult to follow at times...

In any case, as I try to stumble along... is each additional frequency added at the same amplitude or power level as the first? Is there an explanation of why the lowest frequency would pick up the amplification of the others?

This is actually one of the best explanations of the Smith or Kapanadze device I've seen so far... playing with my own experiments I've found ways to manipulate frequencies mildly but they seem to separate in multiples instead of combine. As shown below...

Thanks for sharing your wealth of knowledge and I will continue to stumble along behind you....
________

Attached Images

Ring oscillator scope3.JPG (19.4 KB, 55 views)

I wondered why I always got so few responses! ha ha ha

I will start a second thread to this one entitled "playing with waves on excel" which will not only show what I am doing, but allow people to have fun themselves!

Playing with Waves in Excel

The image above comes from an AWESOME article written by Ray Tomes and his Harmonics Theory website! Harmonics Theory Physics and Maths

This describes the energy flow relationship between harmonics, How do harmonics add to one another??? Subtract???

In the article Tomes describes different harmonic families, and begins by looking at the relative strengths of the harmonic families.



Here you can see that multiples of 2 and 3 are very strong and prominant harmonics, we have harmonics such as 2, 4,12,24,36 etc.

If we back up and take into account many more we can see a relation to music!



And we can even go further to describe the harmonic families with neat little equations!



How cool is this???

we are describing all the frequencies which can arise naturally only out of the number 1 being a fundamental frequency! We are describing how they live with each other, create each other, SUSTAIN each other!

We are figuring out which families are strongest! which ones will be the most prominant to appear in our apparatus as described by Dollard, and we know that when all are IN PHASE and summed within the same physical space.

How do we create low frequency from High, how do we create high frequency from low,

Answer these questions! This is what is important!

Enter the word "Parametrics"

We may define parametric excitation as a change in the physical parameters of an oscillatory system, giving rise to oscillation.

For example,

In a pendulum oscillator, you have two main factors affecting the frequency of oscillation, the length of the pendulum, and the mass associated with it.

If you vary either the length of the pendulum or the weight, you will cause a "pumping" action. If the frequency of the "pumping" is TWO times the natural frequency of the oscillator, you notice the amplitude begin to rise and rise. If it is anything other than this, it becomes VERY complicated, and by the looks of it random (though it is not).

Think about this for a second. If you have a frequency "X" and it changes the parameters of an oscillator with a frequency X/2 (any kind) it will excite that frequency, and transfer energy to it.

This means that a frequency X, gives rise to frequency x/2 if the conditions are correct.

This can be applied to electronics even. For example, if you could vary (by 200hz) the inductance of an LC circuit with a resonant frequency of 100hz, you would generate power in the LC.

Now the reality of the situation is this.......creating stress in a material be it magnetic or dielectric, will change the properties of this material.

For example, if I have a core with a coil, I may have inductance "H". If I stick a very strong magnet to this core, will it have the same inductance??? NO!
Because I have stressed the core, I have changed its characteristics, and the coil now has a changed parameter (the inductance has changed).

Imagine a super simple generator,

A magnet passes by a coil in the traditional orientation to create power...this is how we run our civilization.

Now turn that coil 90 degrees so that when the magnet passes by it creates NO POWER. useless....right? No! Lets add to that coil a capacitor and now we have a tank circuit, of resonance 100hz. each time the magnet passes the core, it will change the inductance of the core. If it does so at 200hz, or twice the resonant frequency of the tank, it will create power in the LC (tank) circuit! All power created in this tank circuit will be 90 degrees opposed to the passing magnets....meaning NO BEMF.

This is a damn simple machine.

Now consider this, any "wave" traveling through any space (cores, physical vacuum etc) will change the parameters of that space.

This gives rise to NEW frequencies which are parametrically excited by this variation.

This is how frequency is born, sustains, creates and propagates its cousin frequencies, this is how one frequency can give birth to many.

Relevant information

http://www.energeticforum.com/renewa...html#post73799 by Dr. Lindemann

http://www.energeticforum.com/renewa...html#post90090 By Eric Dollard

Parametric Power Multiplication parametric power multiplication by Dr. James F Corum Tesla expert

Did you know that diodes can be used as variable capacitors??? Look up vericap

Varicap - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

someone start running with this!

Great stuff man
I have also been thinking about this parametric change a lot lately. Seems this is the answer.

Armagdn03,

I salute you and the work you have done in this thread

This is exactly what I was trying to stress in this post from another thread:
If you want to see something really cool, use only odd harmonics and use as many as your program will allow and watch what happens to the sine wave.

Cheers!

Great info! I love it! I had been considering rigging up a tank circuit on my bedini motor, but never considered this. One question, the device you describe using magnets passing a coil to change the inductance, this would change the inductance in a sine wave fashion, if that makes sense. Would it not be better for the inductance to change in more of a square wave to keep up with the oscillations in the tank. Say we need 10mH and 20mH, this would occur at top dead center and dead between the magnets, but in between those positions we would get 11mH, 12mH, 13mH........ Would that not kill the resonant effect ? Keep the info coming please, fascinating stuff.

I am trying this now! I am creating a program which can handle 26 different frequencies with 1200 data points ploted for each, in phase! should be interesting!

I built a table of all the odd harmonics as follows:
Column A - 'Angles' : Column Series starting with 0.2 step 0.2 stopping at 360
Cell B2 = Input Frequency
Cell Q1 Row Series starting with 1 step by 2 stopping at 249 (used Fill on Edit menu)
Cell Q2 = $B$2 * Q1 (copied to all cells to the right) for Row 2
Cell Q3 =(SIN(2*RADIANS($A3)*Q$2))/Q$2 This formula is copied to all cells for Range Q3:EK1802
Cell P3 = Sum(Q3:EK3) This formula is copied to all cells for Column P3:P1802

A Scatter Chart is made of Column P which shows the Sum of All odd Harmonics with the Fourier Series amplitude of each diminished by 1/n for each harmonic (hence the '/Q$2' in the above equation). I put the chart left of Column P - that is why there is a gap in the columns there .

This tells us that any wave form of this shape is rich in odd harmonics which can be filtered out as pure sines and used at their individual frequencies.

Food for thought: How many sentences of information could be encoded on a single cycle using an Ascii coding requiring 7 harmonics each? How could harmonics be shared and still retain the information? Pondering this helps us to realize how our brains function when they take the audio impulses from a single wire and transform them into a full orchestra of sound. It is because we have filtering systems that breakdown those harmonics. This perspective should also help us realize how we store and manipulate information in our minds.

Wow Harvey. For a second there I think my mind actually grasped/visualized that "filtering" system. But...now its gone That really did tickle my imagination though.

Love your work gentlemen. I was inspired to go back to the Solfeggio frequency pages I stumbled across along time ago. I forgot how fascinating it was.

Thank you for your most valuable insights and contributions.

Regards

Armagedn03

Man, you are talking with sense! . That thread is worth more that all of your eccentric transformer threads. But keep in mind that accumulating energy in system is only a part of solution. Now you have to find a method to extract energy from pendulum without disturbing it with lenz law.Not eccentric transformer but truly open path method...
The simplest way I know to do parametric resonance is to use two currents flowing in the same coil .Now you tell me what I'm thinking about...

Larger Image

So there you have it. The sum of all Odd Harmonics produces a . . .

How many odd harmonics can we fit in a single cycle of this type? Could each harmonic represent a single bit of information?

Doesn't Bob Boyce use the first and second subharmonic in the hex controller?

ehhmmmm forget harmonics a return back to parametric oscillator

Forget harmonics? Why?

I'd be happy to explain the spreadsheet if you want me to.

Did I include the fundamental in the last graph or is it an example of a "Missing Fundamental Generator"?

Armagdn as always great thread. Instead of having that coil at 90 degrees to magnet you could spin variable capacitors out of phase with eachother so that one acts as a source and one acts as a sink. I believe that would also give you a similar excitation. I don't know if this is what you're trying to say but I thought I'd add a dielectric slant on things instead of keeping it soley magnetic

Also Harvey, I'm not 100% sure but I think what he's saying is that by exciting the circuit parametrically we are indeed producing harmonics. Atleast that's what I made of the image accompanied by his post.

Raui

Ok. I was wrong. I should rather said : let's find a correlation between parametric resonance and harmonics. Are harmonics a way to extract energy from external static source what happens inside parametric resonant circuit ?
For example analyse a coil with artificially changed inductance at the correct moment. Together with capacitor such coil makes LC circuit which has a feature of accumulating energy much faster then normal resonant LC circuit (exponentially). From a paper I found I conclude that this energy is sucked from external source (static magnetic bias) somehow (I don't know how yet) and MAYBE it occur in circuit as harmonics ? But then this means that such harmonics add to the energy relocated back into capacitor (from collapsing magnetic field of variable coil) ! IMHO it's the REQUIRED way which allows accumulation of energy, because in all other situation that excess is probably radiated away as EM (radio) waves.

Do you see something interesting ? In our nowadays LC circuits we are using semiconductor switches closing and opening LC circuit at the rate of resonant frequency, but... harmonics are FASTER then that. For me it means that when our switch open and magnetic field of coil collapse magnetic field generated by harmonic are already gone.

What we NEED is a switch which operates at HIGHER rate ! at 2 or 4 or 8 times the resonant frequency and a very stable one.Simply to break each harmonic generated magnetic field at the peak of strength. Then each harmonic field collapse will ADD to the current generated by magnetic field collapse and stored in capacitance part of LC circuit.
Seems like parametric resonant circuit is a natural form of more general circuits with positive feedback. On each subsequent period capacitor discharge has more energy.

@Boguslaw

The internal bias mentioned in your post #18 attachment sounds like a magnetic amp. "Coil with artificially changed inductance" is pretty much the definition of mag amp.

It seems to me that when Boyce takes the full wave rectified inverter output and modulates it with 42.8, 21.4 and 10.7khz harmonics in the torrid there's a whole bunch of "coil with artificially changed inductance" going on. This thing almost killed him when he didn't have it loaded with the cell.

@ All
So I guess my question is, is he doing something that we can learn from here?

I'm trying to stay on topic, and not hijack this thread.

Peace to All

Hi all,

This is just for interest, taken some time back on my STEAP circuit which is using parametric oscillation and is self running. Parametrics do work, but as of yet I have not had more time to work on this as I have been very busy on another project. Keep at this, I think it is a way forward

Mike

I don't see any spectacular in those screenshots. They should appear rising exponentially in time and collapsing at a high amplitude, which is not seen here.

I played with a toroid with 3 coils over a primary coil each driven by it's own PWM. The frequencies were set at 144, 288 and 576. There was a few oddities that showed up in the spikes but the most interesting part was when I added an earth ground to the system. Scope shot below... It seemed to latch on a 60 hz wave. I'm not sure if it has any significance but I found it quite interesting....

Another experiment was with a toroid with 2 main coils 180 degrees appart with approximately 40 turns of 20 wire then between them were two coils of 5 turns,also 180 degrees appart, one shorted and the other connected to a transistor that could be pulse shorted. Going on what Andrew stated the other day about changing or altering inductance. I charged the toroid similar to Leedskalnin's PMH assuming it would charge the core with flux. Activating the transistor on and off showed there was a change in flux or at least a change in activity. The second picture shows the scope shot of that experiment. I was driving the transistor base with a FG set at 1 volt p-p and I don't know how much of that was entering the coil . That test was inconclusive as I couldn't define how much of the FG was adding to the test. Still a very nice parametric response and very interesting results.

It also occured to me the other day that a variable capacitor could be made similar to a speaker coil and activated by either internal or external frequencies thus giving a variable response in voltage. I haven't had time to put one together to test the idea, hopefully in the near future...

Fun stuff !
________

Armagdn03, check your PM.

Hello all!

Sorry I have not replied, there was a mix up and I was unable to post for quite a while, but now am back!

This topic was to illustrate how frequencies can alter one another, create beats, create changing parameters to induce other oscillations parametrically. I see no reason why anyone should not "hijack" this thread if it is relevant to this.

@Harvy,
Very nice demonstration, I will have to take a look for myself.

@all,
I think it would be very worth while to look into parameter changes in general, and here are a few thoughts that may be of use.

First this is an incredible patent, I think many will enjoy....please read the introductory summary.

Electrostatic energy generators and ... - Google Patent Search

second, the Steorn setup, with the toroid and also the 2Sgen are both capable Parametric style setups.

For example I took a toroidal inductor, measured its inductance 6.79mh.
Then placed a neodynium magnet against it, decreasing its inductance to 0.08 this was a 84.85 fold decrease!

In a generator such as "alternator having improved efficiency" by Jim Murray, he speaks of "synchronized parameter changes" same as Eric Dollard. This is because the machines to which they refer, create EMF in two ways, rate of change of parameters with respect to time, AND rate of change of magnetic field with respect to time. These must be synchronized correctly. The traditional "rate of change with respect to magnetic field" must charge the inductor or capacitor, and at just the right time, and for the correct durration, the rate of change of parameters with respect to time must decrease the parameter in question (inductance or capacitance)....however this is not always necessary, as shown in the patent described above.

good idea Armagdn03

Two articles, One for the physisists amung us, and one for the builders.



http://www.eqator.org/papers/reid89.pdf - Interesting read, but heavy

Alan Yates' Laboratory - Parametric Oscillator Experiment -

Practical application of parametric pumping circuits using varactors and reverse biased diodes. Interesting quote :"At half the tank resonance, there is a relatively efficient frequency doubling effect. There is a weak tripling effect at one third the resonant frequency too. This is parametric multiplication, or second and third harmonic generation. At the tank resonant frequency there is normal (but slightly distorted) resonance. At twice the tank frequency there is degenerate parametric oscillation."

Enjoy!

This IS the main part of the secret to the Steven Mark TPU. Intermodulation of 1 primary frequency with two carrier frequencies. The NEW CREATED frequencies are Harmonics of the F1. Do this in a closed loop race track, with the diameter set to the bandwidth of the harmonics, as to attract the EM wave as in a tuned magnetic loop antenna.

The three frequencies are as follows: Oh and you can change the F1, as long as the two carrier frequency's remain the same to produce the desired effect of three frequencies producing HUNDREDS of harmonics with in a nano second. F1 for a 15" diameter is 30.075 KHz carrier frequency 1 is 115 KHz and second carrier frequency is 222 KHz.

If you really want to get fancy, you can "double down" on the created frequencies by splitting the signal before input into the race track, and inverting one leg. Now send them in and you have intermodulation creating harmonics both in phase and out of phase. Oh, you'd better use lamp chord because you will need pulsed rectivied hv dc bias to harvest the additional current from the standing waves in the inner loop.

You can download the spreadsheet showing exactly what those three frequencies do here:
Bruce's TPU Theory and Experiments ver.1.2

I would suggest reading about 4 or 5 posts up from that and the following few pages after.

It IS how the tpu works!

Cheers,

Bruce