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Gray's secret and its application to Bedini's motors.

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  • Gray's secret and its application to Bedini's motors.

    Hi all,

    I'm currently enjoying the climate in the south of France and have lots of time to think and study while lying on the beach. After studying some of the writings of a.o. Tesla and Dollard, I took a fresh look at Gray's schematics:


    It struck me that the "spark gap protection device 42" is not a protection device at all. IMHO, it is actually the main spark gap that forms a classic spark gap discharge circuit, very similar to what Tesla was using for primary of his Tesla coil. It's discharge path goes from HV cap 16 trough spark gap 42 (which has been drawn a bit strangely, to say the least), induction coil 36, cap 38 and battery 18.

    With that in mind, we can find Gray's actual secret, the production of extreme pulses of magnetic foce using a negatice resistance device, in Eric Dollard's "Condensed Intro to Tesla Coils":

    http://www.tuks.nl/pdf/Eric_Dollard_...Coils(OCR).pdf

    The formation of the energy impulse involves the discharge of a capacitor with the highest practical stored energy into an impedance (inductive) of the lowest practical value, and the discharge path is coupled to an energy supply through a negative resistance device. This negative resistance is classically a spark discharge, but a superior plasma device needs to be developed to enhance efficiency. Under optimal conditions the exponent of oscillation amplitude will be positive over a sustained period of time.
    The net result of this system is the production of an extreme impulse of M.M.F. (magnetic force).
    What makes a negative resistance device so interesting for steering coils into resonance for applications in magnetic motors is that the current trough a practical negative resistance device, like a spark gap or lambda diode, is always positive! See for example the I-V curve of a typical lambda diode circuit:

    Lambda diode


    That means you can get a coil into a resonance mode where you have a superposition of a DC current and a complex AC wave going trough it, such that the magnetic field is directed into one direction. In other words: there are no areas in the coil where a reverse direction of the magentic field occurs. So, this DC offset is very important for the application of resonating coils in attracting/repelling motors. What happens is that besides the normal DC current going trough the coil, generating a magnetic field, you get additional wave-like impulses going trough the coil, which travel at a much greater speed than electrons (DC current), and therefore generate an extremely powerful magnetic field inside the coil, which you can harnass using magnetic attraction/repelling in a motor as well as by capturing the BEMF when allowing the magnetic field to collapse.

    So far, so good.

    Now of course the question is: what is the purpose of the CSET?

    If you look at the older 1975 Gray patent, you won't find a CSET, nor do you find one in the "fuelless engine" documents circulating around the internet, which are basically a variation of Gray's earlier patent. Now the problem with spark-gaps is that this negative resistance effect is caused by the temperature variaton of the arc plasma due to the current going trough it, which is very sensitive and difficult to control. According to Mark McKay, in earlier versions Gray used "spark gaps placed around the periphery of the motor shaft and triggered by moving contacts that come into register. A novel speed control mechanism was provided that shuttled between different spark gap contacts to advance or retard the HV firing sequence." McKay also states that the first, even earlier, sixties prototypes only ran briefly. So, in earlier versions, Gray used very complex rotating spark gaps, which undoubtly gave him lots of (stability and scale-up) problems, given that Dollard already found a single spark device difficult to operate:

    Due to the immense difficulties surrounding the spark device, a simple method and one of much greater control is shunt feed of the primary network by an A.M. radio transmitter of special design such as the unit at building number one.
    Like Dollard, Gray's associates apparantly also went looking for a more simple and controllable spark gap device. How about using a fixed spark gap, not unlike a standard automotive spark plug, and somehow trigger that one at the right moment? Still very difficult to keep under control, but a walk in the park compared to controlling and operating rotating spark gaps around a rotating motor shaft in their very sensitive negative resistance mode of operation. IMHO, that's where the CSET comes in. It also has a spark gap, but this one only fires very shortly, cause it's immediately shut off. All it needs to do is to emit one single pulse, which is capacatively coupled from the main rod to the grids and then fed to the main spark gap, in order to fire the main spark gap. And that's all it does, it's a triggering device. If the main spark gap is normally kept in a state whereby it almost fires, it apparantly can be fired pretty easily using a single pulse from the CSET. Since the spark gap in the CSET only has to switch once, it does not have to be operated in it's negatice resistance region, so it is easily controlled.

    It seems obvious that the principle of using a negative resistance device in order to energize a coil much more effectively can also be applied to Bedini's monopole motors, like the school-girl circuit. A modern implementation of a negative resistance device is a so-called lambda diode, actually a circuit consisting of two transistors:


    Also see:
    Lambda diode - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
    Lambda diode
    http://users.tpg.com.au/users/ldbutl...esDipMeter.htm
    http://www.tuks.nl/pdf/Reference_Mat...%20Devices.pdf
    http://www.epanorama.net/sff/Compone...e%20device.pdf

    When you put such a circuit in series with the trigger transistor in Bedini's circuit, you should be able to utilize the same principle, only at lower voltages and using an easy to control negative resistance device. However, I do think it is important to use voltages as high as practible, because the sharper the rising/falling edges, the higher harmonics you can get in your coil, so the more pulses will go trough it and therefore the stronger the resulting magnetic field.

    Of course, this is untested and I am not be able to test this any time soon, if only because I don't have a Bedini motor. So, if anyone feels like playing around with lambda-diode circuits and Bedini's stuff, just go ahead and please keep us posted.....

  • #2
    Thanks for posting that info... sometimes it's good to get your mind on something else for a while so I suggest you take a look at the other wonders on the beach

    Comment


    • #3
      Great Stuff!!

      Wow Lamare, you have a great mind!!

      Comment


      • #4
        Where to I find the actual parts and values?

        Where do I find the actual parts and values to this Gray's Schematic you have posted here?

        For that matter anything on radiant Energy or Cosmic Energy like Tesla and Bedini and etc? I want to tape into that supposed 3.5 G Watts of power that is free energy from the Universe or whatever? Tesla did it and so did others. Tesla supposedly ran an electric car on it. And it fit in the size of a small suit case which he took out of the car when he was not using it. Where do I get the answers to building one of these devices or buying the parts already made?

        This is what I want to learn or buy or build or whatever but I am not very educated as a Electronics Engineer would be and etc. So I need step by step instructions and etc. I can read most schematic's though as I did take electronics in the Navy years ago.

        Originally posted by lamare View Post
        Hi all,

        I'm currently enjoying the climate in the south of France and have lots of time to think and study while lying on the beach. After studying some of the writings of a.o. Tesla and Dollard, I took a fresh look at Gray's schematics:


        It struck me that the "spark gap protection device 42" is not a protection device at all. IMHO, it is actually the main spark gap that forms a classic spark gap discharge circuit, very similar to what Tesla was using for primary of his Tesla coil. It's discharge path goes from HV cap 16 trough spark gap 42 (which has been drawn a bit strangely, to say the least), induction coil 36, cap 38 and battery 18.

        With that in mind, we can find Gray's actual secret, the production of extreme pulses of magnetic foce using a negatice resistance device, in Eric Dollard's "Condensed Intro to Tesla Coils":

        http://www.tuks.nl/pdf/Eric_Dollard_...Coils(OCR).pdf



        What makes a negative resistance device so interesting for steering coils into resonance for applications in magnetic motors is that the current trough a practical negative resistance device, like a spark gap or lambda diode, is always positive! See for example the I-V curve of a typical lambda diode circuit:

        Lambda diode


        That means you can get a coil into a resonance mode where you have a superposition of a DC current and a complex AC wave going trough it, such that the magnetic field is directed into one direction. In other words: there are no areas in the coil where a reverse direction of the magentic field occurs. So, this DC offset is very important for the application of resonating coils in attracting/repelling motors. What happens is that besides the normal DC current going trough the coil, generating a magnetic field, you get additional wave-like impulses going trough the coil, which travel at a much greater speed than electrons (DC current), and therefore generate an extremely powerful magnetic field inside the coil, which you can harnass using magnetic attraction/repelling in a motor as well as by capturing the BEMF when allowing the magnetic field to collapse.

        So far, so good.

        Now of course the question is: what is the purpose of the CSET?

        If you look at the older 1975 Gray patent, you won't find a CSET, nor do you find one in the "fuelless engine" documents circulating around the internet, which are basically a variation of Gray's earlier patent. Now the problem with spark-gaps is that this negative resistance effect is caused by the temperature variaton of the arc plasma due to the current going trough it, which is very sensitive and difficult to control. According to Mark McKay, in earlier versions Gray used "spark gaps placed around the periphery of the motor shaft and triggered by moving contacts that come into register. A novel speed control mechanism was provided that shuttled between different spark gap contacts to advance or retard the HV firing sequence." McKay also states that the first, even earlier, sixties prototypes only ran briefly. So, in earlier versions, Gray used very complex rotating spark gaps, which undoubtly gave him lots of (stability and scale-up) problems, given that Dollard already found a single spark device difficult to operate:



        Like Dollard, Gray's associates apparantly also went looking for a more simple and controllable spark gap device. How about using a fixed spark gap, not unlike a standard automotive spark plug, and somehow trigger that one at the right moment? Still very difficult to keep under control, but a walk in the park compared to controlling and operating rotating spark gaps around a rotating motor shaft in their very sensitive negative resistance mode of operation. IMHO, that's where the CSET comes in. It also has a spark gap, but this one only fires very shortly, cause it's immediately shut off. All it needs to do is to emit one single pulse, which is capacatively coupled from the main rod to the grids and then fed to the main spark gap, in order to fire the main spark gap. And that's all it does, it's a triggering device. If the main spark gap is normally kept in a state whereby it almost fires, it apparantly can be fired pretty easily using a single pulse from the CSET. Since the spark gap in the CSET only has to switch once, it does not have to be operated in it's negatice resistance region, so it is easily controlled.

        It seems obvious that the principle of using a negative resistance device in order to energize a coil much more effectively can also be applied to Bedini's monopole motors, like the school-girl circuit. A modern implementation of a negative resistance device is a so-called lambda diode, actually a circuit consisting of two transistors:


        Also see:
        Lambda diode - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
        Lambda diode
        Lambda Negative Resistance Dip Meter
        http://www.tuks.nl/pdf/Reference_Mat...%20Devices.pdf
        http://www.epanorama.net/sff/Compone...e%20device.pdf

        When you put such a circuit in series with the trigger transistor in Bedini's circuit, you should be able to utilize the same principle, only at lower voltages and using an easy to control negative resistance device. However, I do think it is important to use voltages as high as practible, because the sharper the rising/falling edges, the higher harmonics you can get in your coil, so the more pulses will go trough it and therefore the stronger the resulting magnetic field.

        Of course, this is untested and I am not be able to test this any time soon, if only because I don't have a Bedini motor. So, if anyone feels like playing around with lambda-diode circuits and Bedini's stuff, just go ahead and please keep us posted.....

        Comment


        • #5
          Very good. Switching device exactly , but energy must already be there to see it

          Comment


          • #6
            Hi folks, Hi Lamare.
            Lamare, your approach is very interesting and I believe it is worth to apply this approach when making experiments about Gray`s
            technology, which is based on Nikola Tesla`s work & research, will help everyone here to go ahead with more speed and probably with more success !
            Thank you very much for sharing this useful thoughts with us all.
            Respect and Best Regards.
            << BP Ultimate + Shell-V Power + Allies (opec) = the Ultimate Power Aligators to Suck People`s Blood !-! >>

            Comment


            • #7
              I believe Peter L. covers this here.

              Peter Lindemann - World of Free Energy - YouTube

              Comment


              • #8
                Originally posted by lamare View Post
                ...
                When you put such a circuit in series with the trigger transistor in Bedini's circuit, you should be able to utilize the same principle, only at lower voltages and using an easy to control negative resistance device.
                By "in series", do you mean in series with the base of the trigger transistor (low V, low I) or in series with the collector (very high V, med I)?

                Or, replacing the diode from the transistor's collector to the charge battery?

                Trying to get my head around your idea, I googled for lambda diode and found circuits for oscillators. Makes one think of the joule ringer...

                [Any further explanation would be appreciated, too - I should be able to understand this, but don't, yet.]

                Oh, and in Babcock's lecture, he shows the electrodes causing a "ripple" on the input A/C waveform and says something to the effect that this is where the magnetic field is being milked.

                I got a 2N5485 and a 2N5460 and will set up a small lambda diode to play with...

                pt
                Last edited by pault; 08-15-2012, 08:58 PM. Reason: typo

                Comment

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