William F. Skinner - 1939 Gravity Power

[Aaron]

reactions help to produce forward work

One thing I didn't address yet is that the reaction in the machine helps to make work in the forward direction. There are no bucking forces to resist its movements. Essentially, it is free of back emf in electrical terms.

Like in the Ramos machine, the reaction of the pendulum at the top doesn't buck against any movement and actually helps to propel it into the forward direction.

Just like the Veljko machine, the reaction of the hammer going in the opposite direction doesn't buck the input, it actually gets the input pendulum to swing which helps to produce work in the forward direction.

These are all universal principles.

[Aaron]

Gravity Power Secrets Revealed

Arto - ok, here's the rest of the mechanism.

The last segment is all important to see how the axis of rotation is constantly changing and how that creates the elliptical orbit. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EeOIGV294PM

Also, that vid explains how and why the large lower weight is "always falling" - it literally is always falling.

Anyway, this is about all there is to know to create a replication. My own "translation coupler" is using a pulley that is off centered and that is all I want to mention of that at this time.

But for the most part, there is no mystery to the lever input rod...it needs to be mounted to the frame so that the translation coupler is held into place...it is best to have the lever rod at the top going in a small circle, but even with straight back and forth motion, it still works because of the mechanism I show on the paper example at the end of the video.

Where I want to go with it as time permits is to have a Scotch Yoke type assembly like in a Bourke Engine but the input is the shaft off centered and the output is the back and forth action moving levers.

I've already done the electrical measurements with a watt meter on the variac used to run an electrical motor and have already seen what the mechanical work output is.

I just wanted to get all of this out to keep people on track before a bunch of disinformation intentional or not gets the replication attempts going in the wrong direction. That is what happened in the Stan Meyer field and others and we can't let that happen with this machine.

Hopefully, some people will start to replicate it and share their results. I'll share more when I see others sharing some - I've already pretty much given the whole thing away with an easy way to replicate with rods, sockets, etc... obviously that is just my own low budget method of doing it but there should be no mistake now about how to do it.

[velacreations]

I don't care about "closing the loop" as much as making something that can provide useful work.

Heck, I've got a 10 watt power source, can I have 120 watts in return, please?

anyone got instructions on how to build one and run your house?

[Aaron]

open looped

I'm putting together a new video that will show more of the mechanism to how the machine works. I see a comment by someone in ou about it not being open looped - they don't know what that even means.

Too many people are talking about "closing the loop" for all kinds of machines being ignorant of the fact that literally closing the loop means you cut out the free environmental input and you wind up with nothing but a conventional equilibrium system that conforms to typical closed-system thermodynamics.

Even with systems that have enough to "self run", the loop is still always open to source potential.

The grasshopper oil well pump example I gave tells the whole story on why this machine cannot be like that and has to be open loop meaning gravity can come in to do something.

For example... if the lower weight is directly connected to the upper weight mechanism, it is literally short circuited and you just killed the dipole. If they're locked together (closed loop), it doesn't matter how much gravitational potential is there, it will not contribute anything because the movement of the lower weight is controlled by the upper mechanism and not by "constantly falling".

Being open looped where the output is not locked to the input, it is gravity that is causing the lower weight to constantly fall to the inside of the incline of the shaft and NOT by the upper weight moving it there.

Anyway, these are universal principles for these kind of machines - Veljko, etc...

Making something self-run is NOT closing the loop no matter how many stooges and trolls want to claim that. For this machine, you would take the output and turn a generator that powers a battery bank, then that battery bank can power an inverter that powers the front motor. That would self run but that is not closing the loop. You have to take the output and establish a whole other type of dipole that is disconnected, which in turn creates another diople that is disconnected and that in turn can go back to the input. The term "closing the loop" is NOT what is happening in this example of how to make it self run. Each step between one bit of work that creates another potential difference and so on are all COMPLETELY OPEN so instead of having a circle, you have a bunch of dotted lines that go in a circle, but it is far from being closed.

[Aaron]

new shop

PS. nice work Aaron
your new workshop is much better than the old garage

Thanks - new subpanel installed now just want until I have new walls and celing! lol

[Michael John Nunnerley]

universal joint?

Artoj

why not a universal joint? or am I missing something I'm talking about the bottom final joint to the power takeoff

I love your work

I'm still trying to get my head around this one, I like the idea of using one weight system to overcome the other weight system when it goes to a load drag phase, a bit like a sling shot

regards

Mike

PS. nice work Aaron
your new workshop is much better than the old garage

[velacreations]

any documented working replications?

[artoj]

Pulleys

Here are the guesstimates for the pulleys. Regards Arto.

[artoj]

Lower Engagement

Thanks Aaron, lots of great work, it looks like this will be a goer. Here is some ideas about the lower pivot and engagement to the transfer sprocket. Regards Arto

Also these ideas.

[sinergicus]

Living machine

I think , the same forces are involved in William Skinner device like in the living machine
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x0bWcmxq704

[Aaron]

Gravity Power William F Skinner build pics and notes

[Aaron]

Gravity Power Paper 2

GRAVITY POWER MACHINE
by William F. Skinner, 1939

A small amount of input is leveraged through the lever to to encourage the movement of the Translation Coupler in a clockwise direction. The upper weight spins clockwise from this movement assisting the lever’s back and forth movement. The upper weight counterbalances the weight supported by the tilted Wobble Control Shaft at the connection point with the Translation Coupler. The heavy Lower Output Weight has a high center of gravity from it’s tall weight distribution and the tilt angle is very small. The combination of these two variables makes it very easy to manipulate the entire weight of the Lower Output Weight with very little input by the lever. However, the Lower Output Weight’s mass is very high and as it “falls” by simply rolling to the inside of the Wobble Control Shaft, it’s entire weight is able to produce a strong force at the Output Wheel.


It is very important that the Lower Output Weight is not physically locked to the Wobble Control Shaft. Otherwise, the output would always be directly proportionate to the input work. However, in the case of them being related, yet not in “lock-step”, the output could be stopped without having a direct stopping action on the input. And therefore, if the input lever was stopped, the Lower Output Weight would continue to spin around the stopped Wobble Control Shaft while continuing to produce power at the Output Wheel until it rand out of momentum.


It is also important to note that the Translation Coupler is causing motion in the Wobble Control Shaft in an elliptical orbit. That means there are two points in the rotation where the speed and power of the weights are increased before they switch direction in the opposite direction of the long length of the orbit. The counter reaction from this movement does not oppose the input lever but rather reinforces it so that the reaction assists the machine’s movement in the forward direction.


This is a true open dissipative system, which does not conform to conventional Laws of Thermodynamics or Laws of Motion, as they are conventionally interpreted.


Aaron Murakami
12/2/2012 1:26:09 AM

[Aaron]

Gravity Power Paper 2

Look at the sequence of the steps with the weight rotating clockwise in relation to the pivot point from the lever that simply moves back and forth.







Steps 1~7 are the entire sequence and the 8th step is a repeat of the first to show the complete cycle. The below pictures shows you what each part of the swivel bracket is.


Step 1 – The lever point is to the far left and the weight is to the far right with momentum swinging it in the clockwise direction.
Step 2 – The lever point is still in the left position and the weight is still swinging around.
Step 3 – The lever point is in the same position but the weight is still swinging around.
Step 4 – At this point, the lever point is able to move towards the right direction. When pushing on the bracket from that corner in the right direction, it is in unison with the weight already moving in the clockwise direction. They reinforce each other.
Step 5 – The lever point is at the far right and the weight is at the far left.
Step 6 – The lever point is at the far right and the weight is still swinging around.
Step 7 – As soon as the bracket is situated so that the lever point can move in the opposite direction and move in unison with the weight, it moves towards the left.
Step 8 – Back to position 1.


Again, the momentum of this upper cylindrical weight carries it in a clockwise direction and this mutually reinforces the back and forth movement of the lever’s action. They are in a positive feedback cycle with each other. This translates back and forth motion to rotational movement and the rotational movement assists the lever’s back and forth movement.
As you can see, the weight is not moving around a fixed point of axis, it is moves to the left and right. It is rotating around an axis that is to the left half the time and then to the right half the time. That is the two input pulses from the lever per full rotation.


From the same sequence of steps, we can see that the point at which the lower eccentric shaft connects, it too has a none fixed orbit. Not only does the upper part of the lower shaft wobble around in a circle, it is an orbit that also has a moving axis point.


6. The next part of the trick of the system besides the Swivel Bracket mechanism is the lower weight fixed to the bottom axis of the lower shaft.




The long cylindrical weight is on a bracket that is fixed to the bottom of the lower eccentric shaft. That appears to be the only place that the lower weight is connected. It is also slightly angled outwards. With this weight, it will always try to position itself to be on the inside of the inclined shaft.
As the upper cylinder weight fixed to the Swivel Bracket rotates, the eccentric shaft is connected to the opposite corner of the bracket. The upper weight leads the bracket around and this causes the eccentric orbit of the lower shaft to constantly follow it. Therefore, since the eccentric shaft’s position is constantly changing, the lower eccentric shaft weight is constantly moving to a new center of gravity.


As long as the upper weight continues to circle, the lower weight will continue to follow.


The eccentric shaft has a fixed axis at the bottom and is connected by some means of gears, belts, etc… to a central wheel what turns the long shaft at the bottom left of the above picture. That is the output shaft and it’s power is taken from the large belt that goes to running the lathe.
To summarize, we are leveraging leverage.


We use a very small amount of energy to rock the lever back and forth. With enough length, it takes very little energy to move its connection to the bracket back and forth. The lever’s movement in conjunction with the upper cylinder weight self-reinforces each other’s movements. The back and forth movement is reinforced by the eccentric movement of the weight. And the weight’s eccentric movement is reinforced by the very small input from the back and forth movement of the lever.


As the Swivel Bracket rotates from the above stated action, the lower eccentric shaft’s connection is put on an eccentric orbit, which constantly follows the upper weight’s orbit. This causes the lower eccentric shaft’s weight to follow the upper weight producing torque at the bottom of it’s shaft that can be tapped by an output shaft.


Lever movement > moves bracket > upper weight reinforces lever’s movement > causes eccentric shaft orbit causing a moving center of gravity > lower weight constantly moves to the moving center of gravity causing mechanical shaft power at the bottom.


No laws of physics are violated. It is an open non-equilibrium thermodynamic system that is open to free gravitational potential. This gravitational potential is able to constantly act as a source of work energy on the lower weight because of the constant shifting of the center of gravity that the lower weight is seeking.


From a little input on the lever, we are able to massively amplify the amount of work we can take from the output by the described mechanism. This appears to be the highest COP (coefficient of performance) mechanical amplifier that has ever been revealed to the public.

[Aaron]

Gravity Power Paper

Old paper I wrote up and just posted in my blog at 1939 Gravity Power Paper | A & P Electronic Media – Digital Publishing by Aaron Murakami & Peter Lindemann

Images not clear or text you can see in the images, I'll have to deal with that later when I have time.

William F. Skinner

Gravity Power Machine, 1939

William Frank Skinner was a prolific inventor during the early 1900’s. He was the proprietor of Skinner Manufacturing Company, Inc., in Miami, Florida.
His inventions include a toy moving picture camera, refrigerated water cooler, pulsed alkaline battery rejuvenator, amongst many other inventions.
One invention that made the national news, but apparently immediately disappeared because of its highly disruptive nature is his Gravity Power Machine.


There are no patent or other documents relating to this and only old newspaper copies make any reference to it. And, an obscure video in some British archives, which you can see here: GRAVITY POWER! - British Pathé and video stills are available here: Video Stills: GRAVITY POWER! - British Pathé.


The basic claim is that Mr. Skinner is inputing power from a 1/8 HP electric motor and the output is claimed to be multiplied by 1200%. The output is going to a belt driven lathe and a couple other shop tools that would normally require several horsepower to operate. All that work performed for less than 100 watts.


Here is a copy of one of the nationwide newspaper articles:



Although the claims are extraordinary, by carefully examining the machine in the video and reading the above article, we can deduce exactly what Mr. Skinner had accomplished so that we can create a replica. Let’s take a look at the main parts to the Gravity Power Machine:

1. Input is 1/8 HP electric motor.
2. Geared up input wheel is belt driven from the Input Motor from a 1/8” diameter cotton thread.
3. Input geared up wheel drives a belt that turns the Lever Mover, which moves the four levers back and forth.

The first three steps are simply to move the Input Levers back and forth primarily with a bit of rotation at the top of the lever. This could obviously be done in a number of ways. The back and forth is the primary motion and the slight circular motion of the level from the top increases the effectiveness of the primary mechanism.


My proposed method would be to have a Scottish Yoke assembly to convert rotational movement from a prime mover into linear back and forth movement. There are all kinds of speed controlling mechanisms available today that Mr. Skinner did not have so we should be able to greatly simplify the lever action. And of course we want a lever long enough so that the smallest input is leveraged to the max.


4. All the real action starts by the Input Lever rocking back and forth and having that movement leveraged slightly below the pivot point at the bottom.




When the lever is moved back and forth, its movement pivots around the pivot point. It is not clear whether or not the lever is directly connected to the pivot or is simply clamped there by what is labeled as the “Pivot Spring Clamp.”


In the video, the lever is not solidly locked to the spring clamp as there is some “give” in both directions. It appears there is some sort of “give” mechanism such as a spring, leaf spring or other setup to possibly act as a dampener but also to assist in the leverage process. The spring clamp may be directly connected to the pivot and the lever may possibly be simply clamped in the clamp.


Although this is speculation, it does not take away from the observable fact that the bottom of the lever is moving the swivel bracket. The spring clamp doesn’t appear to be necessary for the primary operation of the machine but is there to enhance the functionality.


5. Looking closely at the swivel bracket, we can see that the diameter of the lever connection is smaller than the lever. So, it is possible that it is the same rod that is simply machined to a smaller diameter for practical purposes for fitting into a bearing in the bracket, or, the lever is disconnected inside of the spring clamp and a separate smaller diameter rod extends from the spring clamp down to the swivel bracket. This lower lever connection is one of three apparent connections to the bracket. The other two are a fixed connection to the upper cylinder weight, which rotates with the swivel bracket. And the other is the lower eccentric wobble shaft, which is connected to the bracket and the bracket freely rotates around this lower shaft.


We can see this clearly in the picture below:





This swivel bracket is where all the real action happens.



As the cylinder weight that is fixed to the swivel bracket swings around in a clockwise direction (from a top down view), its momentum obviously has a tendency to keep it swinging in a circle. This is very important. When the lever is pushed in one direction, it is pushing one corner of the square swivel bracket and that moves in unison with the weight moving in a clockwise direction and when the momentum of the weight pulls it around towards the other direction, it helps to pull the corner that the lever is attached to in the opposite direction.


What this means is that the back and forth reaction of the lever is translated into rotational motion of the swivel bracket. And that shows us that the reaction of the back and forth helps keep the upper weight rotating in the same direction without it being opposed.
Furthermore, as the upper weight is pulled in a circle, it reinforces the lever’s input instead of counter it.


What we have here is an example of an apparent violation of Newton’s Third Law of Motion where the reaction actually assists the machine to perform in the forward direction instead of countering any movement. This is consistent with other known working mechanical amplifiers such as Veljko Milkovic’s 2-Stage Mechanical Oscillator and Fernando Sixto Ramos Solano’s Force Multiplier System where all the reaction in the system is diverted in a way so that it assists the system’s function in the forward direction.


As there is energy dissipation by the rotating upper weight, the lever only needs to input enough to make up for the loss in momentum of the weight, which is very little. Therefore, for a very small periodic input, two times per full rotational cycle, we are getting the full amount of work from the very heavy weight.

[Aaron]

Gravity Power

Hi Aaron,
Here are some of the pictures I posted(slightly edited) on OU. I will post the detailed drawings soon, this has been a blast. Regards Arto

Arto,

Thanks for posting that.

You see where you have the square translation plate? Above that is where the level comes through the frame to the plate - I think there are springs on both sides of that lever.

Anyway, I'll post some pics on my build and if I get time, I'll post some vids showing the mechanism...the interaction with that translation plate and the upper weight is what causes the lower heavy weight to constantly be "falling" and that is very key.